The Directorate coordinates the statistical activities of all departments of the State Government and liaises with various state-level agencies in this regard. It serves as the primary agency for coordination with the Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation (MoSPI), Government of India, including its technical wings— the Central Statistical Office (CSO) and the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO).

The Directorate is responsible for executing a range of statistical activities such as State Domestic Product estimation, collection of price and agricultural statistics, and participation in national-level statistical initiatives including NSS rounds and the Economic Census. These activities are similar to those performed by Directorates of Economics & Statistics (DES) or State Statistical Boards (SSBs) in other Indian states.

Its core functions include the collection, tabulation, compilation, analysis, processing, and interpretation of statistical data across various sectors of the state's economy. The Directorate also disseminates this data to multiple user agencies—particularly planners and administrators—to support effective governance and evidence-based planning, along with other administrative purposes.